1. Isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni:
Imboni yamathoyizi yasekhaya izoba yimikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi iye ekukhiqizeni okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ozimele Njengamanje, uchungechunge lwemboni yamathoyizi luhlukaniswe ikakhulukazi ngocwaningo lomkhiqizo nokuklama ukuthuthukiswa, ukukhiqizwa nokukhiqiza, ukumaketha komkhiqizo izixhumanisi ezintathu.Inani elingeziwe ngokwezomnotho lezixhumanisi ezihlukene nalo lihlukile, lapho ukwakhiwa kocwaningo nentuthuko kanye nokumakethwa kwemikhiqizo kuthatha indawo ephezulu yalo lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni, inani eliphakeme kakhulu lezomnotho elengeziwe, kuyilapho ukukhiqiza kuyisixhumanisi esiphansi se-value-added.
2.Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifunda: I-Guangdong inezinzuzo ezisobala
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamaqoqo ezimboni embonini yamathoyizi yaseChina kusobala.Amabhizinisi amathoyizi aseChina anezici ezibalulekile zokusabalalisa isifunda, ikakhulukazi agxile eGuangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai nakwezinye izindawo ezisogwini.Ngokwezinhlobo zomkhiqizo, amabhizinisi amathoyizi aseGuangdong akhiqiza ikakhulukazi amathoyizi kagesi nawepulasitiki;Amabhizinisi amathoyizi esiFundazweni saseZhejiang ikakhulukazi akhiqiza amathoyizi okhuni;Amabhizinisi amathoyizi esiFundazweni saseJiangsu akhiqiza kakhulu amathoyizi nonodoli bezilwane.I-Guangdong iyisizinda esikhulu kunazo zonke sokukhiqiza amathoyizi kanye nesizinda sokuthekelisa eChina, ngokwezibalo zango-2020 zikhombisa ukuthi inani eliphelele lamathoyizi e-Guangdong elithunyelwa ngaphandle lifinyelele ku-13.385 billion wamadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-70% wesamba semali ethunyelwa ngaphandle.IDolobha laseDongguan, njengesinye sezifunda ezinamabhizinisi okukhiqiza amathoyizi agxile kakhulu, ikhono lokusungula izinto zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo ophakeme kakhulu eGuangdong, selakhe imvelo yezimboni evuthiwe nephelele, futhi umphumela weqoqo lezimboni uyabonakala, ngokusho kombiko.Izibalo ze-Dongguan Customs, ngo-2022, ukuthunyelwa kwamathoyizi e-Dongguan kwafinyelela ku-14.23 billion yuan, okuwukunyuka kwama-32.8%.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamathoyizi e-China ikakhulukazi i-OEM.Nakuba i-China iyizwe elikhulu elikhiqiza amathoyizi, amabhizinisi athekelisa amathoyizi ikakhulukazi i-OEM ye-OEM, lapho ngaphezu kuka-70% wamathoyizi athekelisa ayingxenye yokucubungula noma ukucubungula isampula.Imikhiqizo yasekhaya yaseShayina ezimele igxile kakhulu emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakathi neliphansi, futhi isekupheleni kochungechunge lwezimboni emkhakheni wemboni yamathoyizi emhlabeni jikelele.Imodeli ye-OEM incike kuma-oda avela kubakhiqizi bomkhiqizo basekhaya nabangaphandle, futhi inzuzo ikakhulukazi iphuma enanini elingeziwe lenqubo yokukhiqiza.Ukwakhiwa kwesiteshi akuphelele, ithonya lomkhiqizo alikho, futhi amandla okuxoxisana abuthakathaka.Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezindleko zabasebenzi kanye nezindleko zempahla eluhlaza, amabhizinisi antula ukuncintisana okuyinhloko kanye nenzuzo ephansi azobhekana nengcindezi enkulu yokusebenza.Imakethe yamathoyizi emaphakathi nesezingeni eliphezulu igcwele imikhiqizo yangaphandle eyaziwayo njenge-Mattel ne-Hasbro e-United States, i-Bandai ne-Tome e-Japan, kanye ne-Lego e-Denmark.
3.Ukuhlaziywa kwelungelo lobunikazi: Ngaphezu kuka-80% wamalungelo obunikazi ahlobene namathoyizi angawedizayini
Idatha ibonisa ukuthi inani lezicelo zelungelo lobunikazi embonini yamathoyizi yaseShayina livumelanise ngokuyisisekelo nesamba senani lomnotho waseShayina.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukujula kwezinguquko kanye nokuvuleka kweShayina kuye kwakhulula amandla amaningi nangokwengeziwe okukhiqiza, ingqalasizinda ethuthukisiwe, ukutshalwa kwezimali okungcono kanye nemvelo yebhizinisi, kanye nohlelo lwezomthetho oluthuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha.Kule nkathi, amandla okuthuthuka azo zonke izigaba zokuphila e-China akhululwe ngokugcwele, okuhlanganisa namathoyizi, yonke imikhakha yempilo ibambe ithuba eliyingqophamlando lokuthuthuka nokukhula.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqhubekiseni umnotho.Inani lezicelo zelungelo lobunikazi elihlobene "namathoyizi" lidlule ngaphezu kwezi-10,000 eminyakeni emithathu edlule (2020-2022), futhi inani lezicelo lingaphezu kwezi-12,000.Izinto ezingaphezu kuka-15,000 nezinto ezingaphezu kuka-13,000.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngoJanuwari 2023, inani lezicelo zelungelo lobunikazi lamathoyizi selifinyelele ngaphezu kwezi-4,500.
Ngokombono wohlobo lwe-patent yamathoyizi, ngaphezu kuka-80% wamalungelo obunikazi asetshenziswayo awomklamo wokubukeka, izimo ezimibalabala nezihlukene, okulula ukuheha ukunaka kwezingane;Imodeli esetshenziswayo kanye namalungelo obunikazi okusungulwa abalelwa ku-15.9% no-3.8% ngokulandelana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izethameli ezihlobene zamathoyizi aluhlaza zibanzi, futhi amabhizinisi nawo azimisele kakhulu ukuklama imikhiqizo emisha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2024
