IBumblebees ithanda ukudlala ngamathoyizi: Bona ukuthi ibukeka kanjani

Ucwaningo lukhombisa okokuqala ukuthi izinambuzane zingadlala ngamabhola amancane okhuni. Ingabe lokhu kusho noma yini ngesimo sabo ngokomzwelo?
UMonisha Ravisetti ngumlobi wesayensi we-CNET. Ukhuluma ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, amarokhethi wesikhala, iphazili yezibalo, amathambo e-dinosaur, izimbobo ezimnyama, ama-supernovae, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izivivinyo zokucabanga kwefilosofi. Phambilini, wayeyintatheli yesayensi yokushicilelwa kokuqala izikhathi zokufunda, futhi ngaphambi kwalokho, wayengumcwaningi we-Immunology eWe Weill Cornell Medical Center eNew York. Ngo-2018, waphothula iziqu eNew York University ene-Bachelor's degree efilosofi, i-physics, kanye namakhemikhali. Lapho engekho edeskini lakhe, uzama (futhi ehluleka) ukuthuthukisa isikhundla sakhe ku-inthanethi chess. Amafilimu awathandayo nguDunkirk noMarseille ezicathulweni.
Ingabe ama-bumblebees avimba indlela yakho ukusuka ekhaya kuya emotweni? ayikho inkinga. Ucwaningo olusha lunikeza indlela ethokozisayo futhi ethokozisayo yokubakhulisa. Nikeza izilwane ibhola elincane lezinkuni futhi lingajabula futhi liyeke ukukwesabisa ekuhambeni kwakho ekuseni.
NgoLwesine, iqembu labaphenyi laletha ubufakazi bokuthi bumblebees, njengabantu, ukujabulela ukudlala ngamagajethi ajabulisayo.
Ngemuva kokubamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni ezingama-45 ezivivinyweni eziningana, kwacaca ukuthi izinyosi zathatha inkathazo yokuphindaphinda amabhola ezinkuni, yize ayengenaso isisusa esisobala ngalokhu. Ngamanye amagama, izinyosi zibonakala zithi "zidlala" ngebhola. Futhi, njengabantu, izinyosi zineminyaka yobudala lapho belahlekelwa yinto yokudlala.
Ngokusho kwesihloko esishicilelwe ngenyanga edlule ekuziphatheni kwezilwane ze-Journal, izinyosi ezincane zigoqa amabhola amaningi kunezinyosi ezindala, njengoba nje ungalindele ukuthi izingane zidlale imidlalo ngaphezu kwabadala. Iqembu libuye labona ukuthi izinyosi zabesilisa zigoqele ibhola isikhathi eside kunezinyosi zabesifazane. (Kepha ungaqiniseki uma lokhu kusebenza ekuziphatheni komuntu.)
"Lolu cwaningo luhlinzeka ngobufakazi obuqinile bokuthi ubuhlakani obuqinile bokuthi izinambuzane buyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunendlela esacabanga ngayo," kusho uLars Chitka, uprofesa wezemvelo yezinzwa kanye nokuziphatha kweNdlovuzo yaseNdlovuzwa eLondon, oholele esifundweni. "Kunezilwane eziningi ezidlala nje ukuzijabulisa, kepha izibonelo eziningi ziyizilwane ezincelisayo ezisencane nezinyoni."
Ukwazi ukuthi izinambuzane ezithanda ukudlala zibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kusinika ithuba lokuphetha ngokuthi zingathola imizwa ethile emihle. Lokhu kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile yokuthi sibaphatha kanjani. Ngabe siyazihlonipha izilwane ezingezona ezezwi ngangokunokwenzeka? Ngabe sizobabhalisa njengezinto ezibonakalayo?
AbakwaFrans BM de Waal, umbhali wencwadi ethi Smart ngokwanele ukwazi ukuthi izilwane ezihlakaniphile zifingqeshelwa ukuthi ziyingxenye yenkinga ngokusho ukuthi "ngoba izilwane azikwazi ukukhuluma, imizwa yazo iyaliwe."
Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezinyosi. Isibonelo, ucwaningo luka-2011 luthola izinyosi ezinolwazi ngezinguquko ku-chemistry yobuchopho lapho zivuswa noma zimane zinyakaziswe ngabaphenyi. Lezi zinguquko zihlobene ngqo nokukhathazeka, ukudangala, kanye nezinye izimo zengqondo esisetshenziselwa ukubona abantu nakwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, noma kunjalo, mhlawumbe ngoba izinambuzane azikwazi ukukhuluma, ukuyekelela ukukhala noma isimo sobuso, ngokuvamile asicabangi ukuthi banemizwa.
"Sihlinzeka ngokwengeziwe ubufakazi obuningi.
Ngiqonde ukuthi, bukela ividiyo engezansi futhi uzobona ukugcwala kwezinyosi ahamba ngebhola elifana nesesekeli. Kuhle impela futhi kumnandi kakhulu ngoba siyazi ukuthi bakwenza kuphela ngoba kumnandi.
UChittka nabanye ososayensi babeka izingcezwana ezingama-45 enkundleni bese bebakhombisa izimo ezahlukahlukene lapho bengakhetha khona ukuthi "badlale".
Ekuhlolweni okukodwa, izinambuzane zithola ukufinyelela emakamelweni amabili. Owokuqala uqukethe ibhola elishukumisayo, elinye alinalutho. Njengoba bekulindelekile, izinyosi zincamela amakamelo ahambisana nokuhamba kwebhola.
Kwesinye isigameko, izinyosi zingase zikhethe indlela engahleliwe endaweni yokudla noma iphambuka endleleni eya endaweni ngebhola lokhuni. Abantu abaningi bakhetha ichibi lebhola. Eqinisweni, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izinambuzane eyodwa zigoqele ibhola lisuka ezikhathini ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-117.
Ukuvimbela ukuxuba okuguqukayo, abacwaningi bazame ukwahlukanisa umqondo womdlalo webhola. Isibonelo, abavumanga izinyosi zokudlala ngebhola futhi baqede ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi babhekane nezinhlobo ezithile zengcindezi egumbini elingawona ibhola.
"Kuyajabulisa futhi kwesinye isikhathi kumnandi ukubukela ama-bumblebees kudlala uhlobo oluthile lwegeyimu," iNdlovukazi uMariya University Ceunwe Samadi Galpayaki, umbhali oholayo ocwaningweni, uthe esitatimendeni. Ubukhulu obuncane nobuchopho obuncane, bangaphezu kwezidalwa zamarobhothi ezimbalwa. "
"Empeleni bangathola uhlobo oluthile lokuhlelela ngokomzwelo, ngisho nesihluku esijabulisayo, njengezinye izilwane ezinkulu ezinoboya noma cha-furry. "Lokhu kutholwa kunemiphumela yokuqonda kwethu ukuqonda kwezinambuzane kanye nenhlala-ngethemba futhi ngethemba kusikhuthaza ngethemba ukuthi sihloniphe futhi sivikele impilo emhlabeni ngaphezulu."