Ucwaningo lukhombisa okokuqala ukuthi izinambuzane zingadlala ngamabhola amancane okhuni. Ingabe lokhu kusho okuthile ngesimo sabo somzwelo?
UMonisha Ravisetti ungumbhali wesayensi we-CNET. Ukhuluma ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, amarokhethi asemkhathini, izindida zezibalo, amathambo ezidayinaso, izimbobo ezimnyama, i-supernovae, kanye nokuhlola umcabango wefilosofi kwesinye isikhathi. Phambilini, ubeyintatheli yesayensi yencwadi yokuqala ethi The Academic Times, futhi ngaphambi kwalokho, wayengumcwaningi we-immunology e-Weill Cornell Medical Center eNew York. Ngo-2018, waphothula eNyuvesi yaseNew York ngeziqu ze-bachelor kufilosofi, i-physics kanye ne-chemistry. Uma engekho edeskini lakhe, uyazama (bese ehluleka) ukuthuthukisa izinga lakhe ku-chess eku-inthanethi. Amafilimu awathandayo yiDunkirk neMarseille in Shoes.
Ingabe izinyosi zivimba indlela yakho usuka ekhaya uye emotweni? ayikho inkinga. Ucwaningo olusha lunikeza indlela ethokozisayo nethakazelisa kakhulu yokuzinqanda. Nikeza izilwane ibhola elincane lezinkuni futhi zingajabula futhi ziyeke ukukwethusa ohambeni lwakho lwasekuseni.
NgoLwesine, ithimba labacwaningi lethule ubufakazi bokuthi ama-bumblebees, njengabantu, ajabulela ukudlala ngamagajethi ajabulisayo.
Ngemva kokubamba iqhaza kuma-bumblebees angu-45 ekuhlolweni okuningana, kwacaca ukuthi izinyosi zathatha inkathazo ukuphindaphinda amabhola okhuni, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zazingenaso isisusa esicacile salokhu. Ngamanye amazwi, izinyosi zibonakala "zidlala" ngebhola. Futhi, njengabantu, izinyosi ziba neminyaka lapho zilahlekelwa ukudlala kwazo.
Ngokwendatshana eshicilelwe ngenyanga edlule kuphephabhuku I-Animal Behavior, izinyosi ezisencane zigingqa amabhola amaningi kunezinyosi ezindala, njengoba nje ungalindela ukuthi izingane zidlale imidlalo kakhulu kunabantu abadala. Iqembu liphinde labona ukuthi izinyosi zesilisa zagingqa ibhola isikhathi eside kunezinyosi zesifazane. (Kodwa awuqiniseki ukuthi lokhu okuncane kuyasebenza ekuziphatheni komuntu.)
"Lolu cwaningo lunikeza ubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi ukuhlakanipha kwezinambuzane kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga," kusho uLars Chitka, uprofesa wezinzwa kanye nokuziphatha kwemvelo e-Queen Mary University yaseLondon, owahola lolu cwaningo. “Kunezilwane eziningi ezidlalela nje ukuzijabulisa, kodwa izibonelo eziningi izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni ezincane.”
Ukwazi ukuthi izinambuzane zithanda ukudlala kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kusinika ithuba lokuphetha ngokuthi zingase zithole imizwelo eyakhayo. Lokhu kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile yokuziphatha ngendlela esibaphatha ngayo. Ingabe siyazihlonipha izilwane ezingakhulumi ngangokunokwenzeka? Ingabe sizozibhalisa njengezidalwa eziqaphelayo?
UFrans BM de Waal, umbhali wencwadi ethengwa kakhulu ethi Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals wafingqa ingxenye yenkinga ngokuthi “ngenxa yokuthi izilwane azikwazi ukukhuluma, imizwa yazo iyaphikwa.”
Lokhu kungase kube yiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinyosini. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwango-2011 lwathola ukuthi izinyosi zaba nezinguquko kumakhemikhali obuchopho lapho zivuswa noma zivele zinyakaziswa abacwaningi. Lezi zinguquko zihlobene ngokuqondile nokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nezinye izimo zengqondo esijwayele ukuzibona kubantu nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, noma kunjalo, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi izinambuzane azikwazi ukukhuluma, ingasaphathwa eyokukhala noma isimo sobuso, ngokuvamile asicabangi ukuthi banemizwa.
“Sinikeza ubufakazi obuningi.
Ngiqonde ukuthi, bukela ividiyo engezansi futhi uzobona uswebezane lwezinyosi ezikhuluphele zigingqa ebholeni sengathi lisesekisini. Kumnandi impela futhi kumnandi kakhulu ngoba siyazi ukuthi bakwenza ngoba kumnandi.
U-Chittka nabanye ososayensi babeke izinyosi ezingu-45 enkundleni base bebabonisa izimo ezihlukene ababengakhetha kuzo ukuthi bazodlala noma cha.
Kokunye ukuhlola, izinambuzane zathola ukufinyelela emagumbini amabili. Eyokuqala iqukethe ibhola elinyakazayo, enye ayinalutho. Njengoba kulindelekile, izinyosi zakhetha amakamelo ahlotshaniswa nokunyakaza kwebhola.
Kwesinye isimo, izinyosi zingase zikhethe indlela engavinjelwe endaweni yokudla noma ziphambuke endleleni eya endaweni ngebhola lezinkuni. Abantu abaningi bakhetha i-ball pool. Eqinisweni, phakathi nokuhlolwa, isinambuzane esisodwa sagingqa ibhola lisuka ku-1 laya ezikhathini ezingu-117.
Ukuvimbela ukuxubana kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, abacwaningi bazama ukuhlukanisa umqondo womdlalo webhola. Isibonelo, abazange bavuze izinyosi ngokudlala ngebhola futhi baqeda ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi babe ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuthile ekamelweni elingelona ibhola.
"Kuyajabulisa impela futhi kwesinye isikhathi kumnandi ukubuka izinyosi zidlala uhlobo oluthile lomdlalo," kusho umcwaningi we-Queen Mary University uSamadi Galpayaki, umbhali oholayo wocwaningo, esitatimendeni. ezincane kanye nobuchopho obuncane, zingaphezu kwezidalwa ezincane zamarobhothi."
"Empeleni bangase babe nesimo somzwelo esihle, ngisho nesingavamile, njengezinye izilwane ezinkulu ezinoboya noma ezingenabo uboya," kuqhubeka uGalpage. "Lokhu okutholakele kunomthelela ekuqondeni kwethu ukubona kwezinambuzane nokuphila kahle futhi ngethemba ukuthi kusikhuthaza ukuthi sihloniphe futhi sivikele impilo eMhlabeni kakhulu."
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2022
