Emakethe yamathoyizi, kunezindlela ezihlukene zokupakisha, njengezikhwama ze-PP, izikhwama ze-foil, i-blister, izikhwama zephepha, ibhokisi lewindi nebhokisi lokubonisa, njll. Ngakho-ke hlobo luni lokupakisha olungcono? Eqinisweni, uma izikhwama zepulasitiki noma amafilimu epulasitiki zingahlangabezani nezidingo ezijwayelekile, kunezingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha, njengokuminyanisa kwengane.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kunemithetho ecacile mayelana nobukhulu bokupakishwa kwamathoyizi ku-EU Toy Directive EN71-1:2014 kanye nezinga lezwe laseChina le-GB6675.1-2014, Ngokusho kwe-EU EN71-1, ubukhulu befilimu yepulasitiki ezikhwameni kufanele. kungabi ngaphansi kuka-0.038mm. Kodwa-ke, ekugadweni kwansuku zonke komnyango wokuhlola kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu, kwatholakala ukuthi ubukhulu bokupakishwa kwamathoyizi avela kwamanye amabhizinisi athumela ngaphandle abukafinyeleli ku-0.030mm, okubangele izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona, Ezikhunjulwa amazwe e-EU. Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zalolu daba:
Okokuqala, amabhizinisi anolwazi olunganele lwezidingo zekhwalithi yokupakisha. Akucaci mayelana nokucaciswa kwamazinga angaphandle ezintweni zokupakisha, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nokuqina, umkhawulo wamakhemikhali nezinye izidingo. Amabhizinisi amaningi ahlukanisa ukupakishwa kwamathoyizi ekuphepheni kwamathoyizi, akholelwa ukuthi ukupakisha akudingi ukuthobela imithetho neziqondiso zamathoyizi.
Okwesibili, kukhona ukuntuleka kwezindlela zokulawula izinga lokupakisha ezisebenzayo. Ngenxa yobuningi bezinto zokupakisha, cishe wonke amaphakheji aphuma ngaphandle, okungenakho ukulawula okusebenzayo phezu kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa nokugcinwa kokupakisha.
Okwesithathu, ukudukisa okuvela kwezinye izikhungo zokuhlola zezinkampani zangaphandle, azinakanga ukuhlola ukujiya nezinto eziyingozi zokupakisha, okwenza amabhizinisi acabange ngephutha ukuthi ukupakishwa kwamathoyizi akumele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zemithetho yamathoyizi.
Eqinisweni, ukuphepha kokupakishwa kwamathoyizi bekulokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emazweni athuthukile njengeYurophu ne-United States. Kuvamile futhi ukubika ama-ricks ahlukahlukene abangelwa izinto eziyingozi ngokweqile kanye nezinkomba zomzimba ezingafanelekile emaphaketheni. Ngakho-ke, umnyango wokuhlola kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu ukhumbuza amabhizinisi amathoyizi ukuthi anake kakhulu ukulawulwa kokuphepha kokupakisha. Amabhizinisi kufanele anamathisele ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuphepheni ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kokupakisha, aqonde kahle izimfuneko zemithetho neziqondiso zokupakishwa okuhlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube nohlelo oluphelele lokuphatha ukuphakelwa kokupakisha.
Ngo-2022, imithetho ye-AGEC yesiFulentshi yayidinga ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-MOH (Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons) ekupakishweni kwenqatshelwe.
I-Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons (MOH) iyisigaba sezingxube zamakhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezikhiqizwa ukuhlukaniswa okubonakalayo, ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali noma ukucwiliswa kukawoyela ongahluziwe we-petroleum. Ifaka Ikakhulukazi I-mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons (MOSH) Ehlanganiswe Ngamaketango Aqondile, Amaketango Anegatsha Nezindandatho kanye Nephunga Lamafutha Amaminerali Ahlanganiswe Ngama-Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons. I-Atic Hydrocarbons, MOAH).
Uwoyela wamaminerali usetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ucishe utholakale yonke indawo ekukhiqizeni nasekuphileni, njengamafutha okugcoba, uwoyela wokufakelwa, izincibilikisi, noyinki wokuphrinta ohlukahlukene wamamotho ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha amaminerali kuvamile ekukhiqizeni kwansuku zonke kwamakhemikhali nezolimo.
Ngokusekelwe emibikweni efanele yokuhlolwa kukawoyela wamaminerali ekhishwe yi-European Union Food Safety Agency (EFSA) ngo-2012 nango-2019:
I-MOAH (ikakhulukazi i-MOAH enezindandatho ezingu-3-7) inamandla okuba ne-carcinogenicity kanye ne-mutagenicity, okungukuthi, ama-carcinogens angaba khona, i-MOSH izoqoqwa ezicubu zomuntu futhi ibe nemiphumela elimazayo esibindi.
Njengamanje, imithetho yesiFulentshi ihloselwe zonke izinhlobo zezinto zokupakisha, kanti amanye amazwe anjengeSwitzerland, iJalimane kanye ne-European Union ngokuyisisekelo ahlose ukuchayeka kokudla ephepheni nakuyinki. Uma sibheka indlela yentuthuko, kungenzeka ukwandisa ukulawula kwe-MOH esikhathini esizayo, ngakho ukunaka kakhulu intuthuko yokulawula kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ezinkampanini zamathoyizi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-20-2022
